seekingferret: Two warning signs one above the other. 1) Falling Rocks. 2) Falling Rocs. (Default)
The Ms. Marvel Disney+ show is two episodes in and it's great! If you liked the comics, you'll love the way they're adapting the visual style into a live action show, and the characters are great and complicated and fun.

But it's also kind of a punch in the nose how much the show is about Kamala and her cultural background. I mean, don't get me wrong, it's great. Muslims dance in this show! And there are lots of different kinds of Muslims representing a diversity of viewpoints and attitudes and senses of identity and approaches to American life.

But "Jews danced" in Hawkeye in the sense that a character danced whose never-appearing sister had a mezuzah on her apartment door, with no acknowledgment in dialogue of any Jewish identity. And "Jews danced" in Moon Knight in the sense that the alter-ego of a Jewish character, whose Jewish identity is acknowledged in the observance of shiva for his brother and a Star of David necklace but not in any way in the dialogue, briefly dances. The alter-ego might be considered Jewish, but he never says anything to indicate such an identification.

And Ms. Marvel shows how possible it is to tell stories in the MCU where religious and ethnic identity informs characters in rich, deep ways. And I love it, I've loved every minute of it so far, but also I keep watching and thinking why couldn't the Jews also get that? I'm sick of having to do all this work just to read the faintest glimmers of Jewish identity into the MCU.
seekingferret: Two warning signs one above the other. 1) Falling Rocks. 2) Falling Rocs. (Default)
I'm working on a Natasha vid, which has led to me rewatching Civil War and Winter Soldier, and trying to convince myself to rewatch Ultron. Civil War makes me so angry, but a thing in particular that bugged me the most this time around is the presentation of the Sokovia Accords. "Here is the thousand page document," says Ross to the Avengers, "It's going to be ratified in three days. Surprise!"

Sorry I am still hung up on this, I know some of you have heard multiple rants about the Sokovia Accords.

1. Who wrote the Sokovia Accords and why didn't they consult with the Avengers while doing it? Surely there were public hearings! Surely there were high level government to government negotiations that can't possibly get done overnight! How could this possibly blindside them? And even if they could do it in secret, why would they want to? Nobody has the lived experience of being a superpowered person besides the Avengers [ and some villains they've arrested, a few weirdos, the Skrulls and Kree and Inhumans and the Hand and... but none of those people are talking to you), so surely their input on how the law applies to them would be useful? I just don't understand the process by which the Sokovia Accords were drafted.

2. What about treaty ratification and execution? There are literally dozens of treaties negotiated by the US president that Congress still hasn't actually passed into law. Okay, I don't know about dozens, I just know there's some numb... nope, definitely dozens. The ratification doesn't mean everything legally on its own, principles of national sovereignty means that the treaty doesn't say how countries actually enforce a treaty, it leaves that to each country's domestic laws. And there are over a hundred national signatories to the Accords, each has to figure out how they're going to implement the treaty. So they sign the Accords and then... What, they suddenly have full contingency plans for what to do in the specific scenario that an unregistered superpowered individual of US origin starts an action in Berlin in particular? There must be a million contingencies in that 1000 page Accord, all of it needs to be turned into legislative language in a hundred countries before you can start enforcing it.

3. Of course as I've written a bunch of times, national sovereignty doesn't really seem to exist in the MCU. Sharon Carter is working as a CIA agent in Berlin, helping to hunt down the Winter Soldier. Not under cover, just openly working as a CIA agent. Ultimately, it's US secretary of state(!) Ross (!) who supervises the capture and interrogation of the Winter Soldier. (Even though in the real US he wouldn't even be in the chain of command for such a decision, the Secretary of State is not a law enforcement figure, let alone an international law enforcement figure.) So the Sokovia Accords basically seem to amount to an international agreement that if anything bad involving superheroes happens, the US government and its agents will step in to try to resolve it. Why the hell would Germany agree to that? Did China sign the Accords, too? Russia?

Imagine you're China and you don't have any superheroes until Shang-Chi finally airs next month. You also have fairly shitty human rights policies and have been interning a massive population of Uyghurs in brutal re-education camps. And you have also been employing soft power around the world to increase your global influence and political power, building infrastructure across Asia and Africa. The Avengers have been acting around the world as super-police, with very little oversight. You are of course concerned that they will pop into your country to do things you don't want, like liberate your camps or free Tibet. Of course they won't, because the Avengers are tools of neoliberalism, but they could! Or maybe the Avengers will pop into your country to do things you want, like provide aid after a disaster, but they will interact badly with your bureaucracy and make things worse.

A diplomat from Wakanda comes to you and says "By the way, some countries are getting together to regulate the Avengers, do you want to participate?" China says absolutely, we definitely want a rule that says the Avengers can't come into China without our permission. So China starts looking at the drafts being circulated and sees that all superheroes, not just the Avengers, are proposed to be regulated. And China says "Wait a minute, we don't have any superheroes yet, but we might get some. We have lots of toxic waste for them to fall into! We have to be very careful not to agree to something that might restrict us from deploying our own Chinese Avengers into somewhere in Africa in the future." So they push for a carveout in the Accords that lets them have a Chinese Avengers that they can exert greater control over. [And maybe Nigeria says hold on, we definitely would like to be able to choose whether the Chinese Avengers or the US Avengers come into our country in an emergency, write that into the Accords too!]

And then they look at the Accords closer and see that they don't actually say that you can't send the Avengers to China, they just say that before you send the Avengers to China, you need the World Security Council to sign off on it. And China starts to worry that this Accord doesn't actually protect their ability to oppress their Uyghur population. So China pushes to make sure it has permanent representation on the World Security Council, ideally with a veto like they have on the UN Security Council, to make sure other countries can't just get a quorum and vote to send the Avengers in to free the camps. And the US of course agrees to this, because they equally don't want Steve Rogers to go off liberating equally evil immigrant detention centers. Of course this means the Sokovia Accords reifies oppression, but reified oppression is the name of the game with the Sokovia Accords and nobody can tell me otherwise.

This kind of detail has to be in the Accords or there would be no need for them to be a thousand pages long. I'm pretty sure the reason the Sokovia Accords are a thousand pages long is because the prop masters understand that international treaties are that long and they wanted it to have that look, but that didn't actually result in the writers thinking about what would be in a thousand page treaty.

4. On the other hand, in The Winter Soldier, Alexander Pierce needed approval of the World Security Council to execute Project Insight, which you would think he would just be able to build as a US defense project. So perhaps the US has also subordinated its national sovereignty in an absolutely batshit crazy way. The only way I can fanwank the World Security Council approval of Project Insight and preserve US sovereignty is to say that perhaps a) Project Insight only works as a defense project if it can be deployed both domestically and internationally to minimize gaps in its data network and b) therefore the US government won't sign off on deploying it unless they get pre-approval from international authorities that they will allow Insight to operate worldwide. Which is crazy, the US doesn't go seeking international authority before building weapons even when they will use them overseas. So maybe China's okay with the Sokovia Accords because they have other agreements that let them keep oppressing their citizens, and in exchange they promise to let the US keep oppressing its own citizens.

5. With all that said, the dumbness of governance in the MCU does not actually comprise a reasonable apologetic for Steve's position. People need to be subject to laws! (This is why I make Enlightenment Philosopher Natasha jokes) Ever since SHIELD collapsed, the Avengers have just been running a private military bankrolled by Tony Stark and refusing to obey any local laws they disliked. And nobody could stop them. So clearly the Sokovia Accords make no sense as a solution to this problem, but there has to actually be a solution to this problem. The Avengers have to agree to be subject to some laws regulating their military actions, or they have to be eliminated, it's pretty simple.

Okay, it's not simple, nothing is simple if I don't want it to be. The third option is the Avengers refuse to become subject to any jurisdiction, nobody can stop them, and the world devolves into a libertarian wonderland. And everyone is happy because the Avengers will stop any oppression from happening. That feels like an appropriate ending for this silly post.
seekingferret: Two warning signs one above the other. 1) Falling Rocks. 2) Falling Rocs. (Default)
I watched the final episode of Falcon and the Winter Soldier Friday morning before work. I may watch it again to digest.

It was better on the politics than I'd feared, which is not to say it was good. What the whole episode was, was unsettlingly grim. There were not a lot of good endings for characters, but more than that, there were not a lot of characters, even the ones who survived to ostensibly satisfying endings, who were able to get through the last episode without compromising themselves. Which probably is the right outcome, given the shitty political situation, but I don't think it's what the writers of the show were trying to do. It's better than what I think the writers were trying to do, honestly... sometimes the corner you've written yourself into forces you to an unexpected honesty: there's nothing all that heroic about Sam and Bucky, but the times don't always call for heroes, even when your franchise overlords are demanding you sell them.

I feel like Zemo's little coda is a great case in point. Zemo remains in the Raft, which is a less than ideal outcome for him but he seems relatively comfortable: Zemo is not a man who lives very much outside of himself, which is what made the dance scene in Madripoor so memeably funny. He manages to have the Flag Smasher super soldier killed and thereby help to uphold his political ideal of no stateless supersoldiers... But he doesn't go after John Walker, who allies with the Contessa, and who will surely find in Zemo's extracurricular bombing another raison d'etre of uncontrolled violence. So the serum and its deadly geopolitical consequences remains out there, perhaps bolstered by Zemo's efforts. And Zemo has blown his shot at future alliance with Sam or Bucky, so he will need to seek new champions if he is to continue his work. If there was something sympathetic about Zemo at the end of Civil War (and to some degree I think there was), it has been burnt out by now. Zemo is all ideology and tactics and no humanity.

At levels that require greater or less amounts of analysis to draw out, this kind of sacrifice of self is true of all of the characters. Karli Morgenthau gets some of the political outcomes she sought, at the cost of her life, but she doesn't get all of the political outcomes she sought, and also all of the people she loved are dead. Walker gets a new job but he had to admit he failed at his old one in order to earn it. Sam doesn't entirely stop a terrorist attack, and when he sides with the terrorists to publicly humiliate the GRC on television he becomes a Captain America who cannot truly be a symbol for all of America. He is forced to accept that in order to be Captain America on his own terms, he cannot be everything that Steve Rogers was.

And Sharon Carter? Surely there's something misogynistic about doing her reveal without telling her story. As the post-credits scene reminds us, she comes from a family that has long been dedicated to trying to protect others through government service. As the post-credits scene does not remind us, she has been working for evil security agencies ranging from SHIELD to the CIA her whole adult life. Is her current position as Power Broker the result of her Hydra/Civil War/Snap disillusionment with America, or is it a consequence of a deeper moral corruption that the MCU has simply never revealed? I don't know. Sharon Carter has appeared in multiple Marvel movies and TV shows, she's played the phenomenal Emily VanCamp, and we have never gotten the tiniest snippet of life story from her.


And once more, New York pays the price. Marvel Comics has long fought against its New York centered identity, launching storytelling projects like the West Coast Avengers or the Fifty States Initiative that implicitly acknowledge that by and large, the Avengers are a New York institution. Falcon and the Winter Soldier bounces all around the world, fighting battles in fake Singapore and fake Serbia, and in Tunisia and Lithuania and Latvia. There is some unserious pretense of oversight and national sovereignty- for unexplained reasons, Sam Wilson can chase the terrorists in Tunisia but cannot cross the border into Libya; for unexplained reasons, John Walker can prance around Eastern Europe punching trucks on the government dime, but if he kills a rogue super soldier he violates diplomatic protocols? In reality, for all the talk of global councils, both Sam and John Walker are unrestrained agents of American hard power. It is deeply unserious as musing on political theory, and deeply serious as a reflection of the way America has acted and continues to act as lone superpower. And then they return in the finale to New York City, this locus of Marvel's political energy that it seems to imagine as the Capital of the World. ([personal profile] sanguinity, if she's reading this, is by now snickering; I too sometimes imagine New York City as the Capital of the World)

In this fairy tale comic book New York, largely American? political leaders are gathered to make decisions that will largely affect the Third World. It's actually the sort of vision of America that shows like this should be arguing against. The problem isn't whether they cave to the terrorists and find a generous resolution to help those displaced by the post Blip political realignment, or continue on their hard line, punitive path. The problem is who is making the decision at all. Which is a question FATWS doesn't reach, although it comes way closer than I expected.

It is the paradox of The Flag Smashers, though. They claim to be arguing for a world without borders, because a world without borders will look out for the borderless. But they live in a world that for those with enough strength is already a borderless world, and what they really need are localities with the strength to assert their own sovereignties, and fight for the safety of their own natives, rather than paternalistic protectors from far away.



I haven't written much about Bucky because I don't have much to say. He, of all the characters in the show, got the least compromised ending, but that's because he was already compromised. Sebastian Stan gave a terrific but understated performance as a Bucky who is desperate to put himself back together but doesn't know how. At the end, he still doesn't know how, but he somehow managed a little bit of self-repair anyway. He will never not be the Winter Soldier, he will never not carry his sins with him wherever he goes. He can never entirely be a good guy, but this is a show where no one is entirely a good guy.
seekingferret: Two warning signs one above the other. 1) Falling Rocks. 2) Falling Rocs. (Default)
[personal profile] sanguinity turned me onto the comic miniseries "Truth: Red, White, and Black", so it was [personal profile] sanguinity I turned to to rant after this most recent episode of Falcon and the Winter Soldier, also titled "Truth".

Truth retconned the history of the super soldier program that most famously produced Steve Rogers as Captain America, to reveal that among the prior super soldiers was a group of African Americans abusively treated as test subjects, given dangerously experimental doses, before Steve Rogers got the serum. For their trouble, many of them died either as a result of the drugs, or as a result of being sent unsupported on dangerous missions. The last and best of them, Isaiah Bradley, went against Army orders to do what he thought was right (the thing Steve Rogers is famous for) and as a result spent decades in Fort Leavenworth.

But that's only half the story of Truth. The other half is a story of those left behind, in an equally unfair America. Isaiah's wife Faith coping with believing her husband dead, then learning he was in military prison, then fighting to get him out, and finally getting that moment she never dared to dream would happen, a reunion with her husband. As much as Isaiah Bradley, the first Captain America, is the hero of Truth, Faith Bradley is equally the hero. She's my favorite part of that comic and though she's only been given a couple of additional cameos in the 616, in The Crew and in Young Avengers, I love her fiercely in those appearances as well.

In Falcon and the Winter Soldier, we meet Isaiah, who has gotten out of prison at last, and in his second appearance, he tells Sam Wilson in a throwaway line that his wife died while he was in prison. It's so typical of what the MCU does. Who do they write out of their stories in the name of simplifying the complexities of 616? The women. The people of color. (The Jews, too, but that's a different post). Especially the women of color. It's so infuriating to me that in the process of finally, fifteen years into the MCU and a decade after The First Avenger, acknowledging Isaiah Bradley (The comic came out and was widely acclaimed eight years before The First Avenger. It could have worked Truth into Steve's storyline from the start instead of treating it as a retcon!), they fridged his wife and left out the story of a black woman fighting for her own civil rights.

I think the conversation Sam and Isaiah have in the episode is interesting, well acted and politically relevant, but I can't forgive it for that throwaway line.

Fuck Marvel. Seriously fuck Marvel. I keep saying as I watch this show that Marvel really seems to want me to make more vids to protest songs.


Meanwhile, there's a bigger rant brewing about the post-Blip global politics we see in Falcon and the Winter Soldier, which are massively fucked up on so many levels. I'm trying to be a little careful about how much I wind up right now, because there's still another episode and clearly the show is aiming to put its main political thesis in that last episode, but also so much of this is garbage.

Says Karli Morgenthau, our sympathetic terrorist, during the Snap, nations banded together and forgot about national boundaries in the desperate need to help people. But after the Blip, capitalism resurged as governments tried to reorganize as they'd been before, restoring primacy to the returned. It might have been nice if any of this had shown up, even a taste, in Far From Home, previously our only glimpse of post-Blip life. People like Morgenthau and her associates have, for complicated geopolitical reasons, become essentially stateless permanent refugees living in underresourced displaced person camps. Morgenthau styles herself the Flag Smasher, fighting against nationalism, which she blames for this condition.

The oddness of this storytelling is that nobody in the story stands for nationalism, ideologically, in opposition to the Flag Smashers. Sam and his foil John Walker stand for, at best, the instrumentality of nationalism- there are threats to the security of noncombatants, so they must be neutralized. Who gets the right to be a noncombatant and who is oppressed by the state is of course a consequence of nationalism, so it's not like Morgenthau's position is uncontested, but it's not contested at an ideological level- Sam is in fact deeply reluctant to stand by an American flag. There's a straightforward analysis of the Flag Smashers where as soon as they start blowing up civilians, it doesn't matter what ideology she's fighting for. The same analysis applies to Sam, Bucky, John Walker, and the rest of the forces aligned with them.

And that's the big problem that I doubt is going to get resolved in the finale. For all that Morgenthau talks about tearing down borders, borders seem utterly irrelevant to the story. Sam, Bucky, and Walker hop borders and launch police actions like the idea of national sovereignty and local jurisdiction has no meaning. Perhaps as signatories of the Sokovia Accords that is true? This has been the problem with the Sokovia Accords as we've seen them from the beginning, they are inherently anti-nationalist in a truly disturbing way. They apparently assert that the world's major powers can deploy military force anywhere for any reason, provided there's a figleaf of international oversight, because national security is a global problem.


Meanwhile, Sam is out there struggling with whether a black man can carry the Shield of Captain America, and certainly that's an important question, but it all seems besides the point, when what he's being asked to do, as Captain America or not, is to stomp into Eastern European countries and beat up local criminals. Until Sam objects to that assignment, what does it matter if he does it while draping himself in an American flag or not?

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seekingferret: Two warning signs one above the other. 1) Falling Rocks. 2) Falling Rocs. (Default)
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